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Window Sash 101

Learn how sash windows work as well as how to restore, paint, and repair them.

Sash windows are functional, stylish, and can last for up to a century if made properly. So we’ve pulled together some tips and how-tos that will help you keep your sashes working — and looking — their best. From restoring an old wooden window sash to building a totally new one, there’s a lot to learn from each article.

What Is a Window Sash?

A window sash is the part of a window that holds the glass panes in place. It’s casing that can be raised, lowered, or moved from side to side. The direction of movement depends on the design of the window.

Traditional double-hung windows usually feature two sashes that can both slide up or down. Essentially, the sash of a window allows it to open and close while securing the glass in the window frame.

A photograph of four sash windows on a brick building.

Sash Windows Reign Supreme

There are many reasons builders prefer to use sash windows when possible. In terms of functionality, Ben Brunick says they “were built to be easily disassembled and repaired.” And from a design perspective, David Gibney is resolute in his belief that “other than a lighted match, nothing will ruin the charm of an old house faster than ripping [them] out.” Check out the articles below to learn more.

  • How-To 1
    Making Window Sash

    How to do a custom job with ordinary shop tools and a router.

  • How-To 2
    Spectacular Sashes: Assembling Custom Windows

    Large reproduction mahogany windows are assembled onsite and installed in this Manhattan row house

  • How-To 3
    Restoring Window Sashes

    Yes, they're worth fixing. Those old windows were built better (and from better wood) than anything you can buy today.

  • How-To 4
    How to Protect a Window Opening During Sash Restoration

    If you don't have storms, you'll need to close off the windows while repairing the sash. Here's an easy and secure system.

  • How-To 5
    An Easy Way to Paint a Window Sash

    Use a few spring clamps and a sawhorse to set sashes in a comfortable position when painting the edges around each pane.

  • How-To 6
    Restore a Wood Window Sash

    When repairs are in order, a steam box, an easel, and two-part epoxy are your best friends.

  • How-To 7
    Site-cast sash weight

    I had to restore an old double-hung window that measured 4 ft. by 6 ft., but only one of the two sash weights remained in its pocket. To make the…

  • How-To 8
    Double-Hung Windows Restrung

    More than just fishing for sash weights.

  • How-To 9
    Building a Divided-Lite Storm Sash

    Changing the setup of router bits is the key to quick window construction.

  • Design 10
    Make a Divided-Light Farmhouse-Style Interior Window

    Use these measured shop drawings to build your own single-pane sash, complete with jambs and casing.

  • How-To 11
    Sash Stand

    This jig is perfect for holding window sashes when painting, planing, or other works needs to be done.

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